基于 LLM 的 NIH 资助研究 AI 采用情况分析

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Abstract:Understanding the landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) adoption across the National Institutes of Health (NIH) portfolio is critical for research funding strategy, institutional planning, and health policy. The advent of large language models (LLMs) has fundamentally transformed research landscape analysis, enabling researchers to perform large-scale semantic extraction from thousands of unstructured research documents. In this paper, we illustrate a human-in-the-loop research methodology for LLMs to automatically classify and summarize research descriptions at scale. Using our methodology, we present a comprehensive analysis of 58,746 NIH-funded biomedical research projects from 2025. We show that: (1) AI constitutes 15.9% of the NIH portfolio with a 13.4% funding premium, concentrated in discovery, prediction, and data integration across disease domains; (2) a critical research-to-deployment gap exists, with 79% of AI projects remaining in research/development stages while only 14.7% engage in clinical deployment or implementation; and (3) health disparities research is severely underrepresented at just 5.7% of AI-funded work despite its importance to NIH's equity mission. These findings establish a framework for evidence-based policy interventions to align the NIH AI portfolio with health equity goals and strategic research priorities.

Subjects:	Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Computers and Society (cs.CY); Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
Cite as:	arXiv:2604.07424 [cs.AI]
	(or arXiv:2604.07424v2 [cs.AI] for this version)
	https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.07424 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite
Journal reference:	2026 IEEE International Conference on Digital Health (ICDH)
Related DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDH72779.2026.00042 DOI(s) linking to related resources

Submission history

From: Navapat Nananukul [view email]
[v1] Wed, 8 Apr 2026 17:05:11 UTC (4,469 KB)
[v2] Thu, 29 Oct 2026 00:22:08 UTC (4,487 KB)