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Science Explorer：2018-21 至 2022-25 增长最快的科研主题

Science Explorer

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Science Explorer 按 2018-21 至 2022-25 的产出增速列出上升最快的科研主题，教育系统与政策管理（+293%，1.1 万篇）、可持续金融与绿色债券（+287%，7200 篇）、AI 安全研究中的伦理与社会影响（+251%，2.8 万篇）居前。

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What is rising in science?

The research topics growing fastest, by output from 2018-21 to 2022-25, after the five above. Each links to who leads it.

  1. 6 Education Systems and Policies Management of Technology and Innovation · Business, Management and Accounting +293% 11k works
  2. 7 Sustainable Finance and Green Bonds Finance · Economics, Econometrics and Finance +287% 7.2k works
  3. 8 Ethics and Social Impacts of AI Safety Research · Social Sciences +251% 28k works
  4. 9 Brain Tumor Detection and Classification Neurology · Neuroscience +226% 26k works
  5. 10 Medical Research and Islamic Perspectives Religious studies · Arts and Humanities +214% 4.6k works
  6. 11 Poxvirus research and outbreaks Virology · Immunology and Microbiology +213% 12k works

Institutions climbing the ranking

  1. 1 Peking UniversityChina · Beijing #32 → #11 up 21
  2. 2 Zhejiang UniversityChina · Hangzhou #40 → #14 up 26
  3. 3 Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityChina · Hong Kong #178 → #65 up 113
  4. 4 Tsinghua UniversityChina · Beijing #26 → #10 up 16
  5. 5 Sichuan UniversityChina · Chengdu #51 → #22 up 29

Rank on research quality over all time, then in 2022-now. A climb means the recent work is stronger than the record as a whole.

All trends: fields, the balance of science, rising countries

Questions to start with

The Question Catalogue: over a thousand questions people search for, on universities, countries, diseases and every field

Where is science strongest?

On research quality in 2022-now (excellence per paper, with output and breadth), United States, China and Germany rank highest overall. Every field has its own leaders: see a field's page for who leads it.

  1. 1 United States · #1 all time 1.02× excellence · 1.53× journals · 84% breadth 10.8% top 10% · 3.1M works
  2. 2 China · #2 all time 1.20× excellence · 1.03× journals · 76% breadth 13.3% top 10% · 4M works
  3. 3 Germany · #3 all time 1.22× excellence · 1.39× journals · 93% breadth 10.3% top 10% · 708k works
  4. 4 United Kingdom · #4 all time 1.20× excellence · 1.44× journals · 86% breadth 13.2% top 10% · 727k works
  5. 5 France · #5 all time 1.09× excellence · 1.25× journals · 88% breadth 8.4% top 10% · 553k works
  6. 6 Switzerland · #6 all time 1.42× excellence · 1.87× journals · 87% breadth 13.3% top 10% · 142k works
  7. 7 Australia · #8 all time 1.29× excellence · 1.19× journals · 88% breadth 15.0% top 10% · 343k works
  8. 8 Canada · #7 all time 1.10× excellence · 1.20× journals · 90% breadth 11.5% top 10% · 394k works
  9. 9 Netherlands · #9 all time 1.42× excellence · 1.45× journals · 87% breadth 14.6% top 10% · 191k works
  10. 10 Spain · #10 all time 1.08× excellence · 0.99× journals · 87% breadth 11.0% top 10% · 435k works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set); teal is above it, red below. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

All countries ranked

Research fields

Of the 25M research works published in 2022-now, 39% are in Physical Sciences, 25% in Social Sciences, 23% in Health Sciences and 13% in Life Sciences. The largest fields are Medicine (19%), Engineering (15%), Social Sciences (13%). Gaining share fastest since 2011-2015: Energy, Social Sciences and Business, Management and Accounting.

Life Sciences13%Physical Sciences39%Health Sciences23%Social Sciences25%

Each ring splits the one inside it: domains, their fields, their subfields. Size is fractional works in 2022-now. Every slice is a page; the interactive version zooms down to all 4,516 topics and shows where each one is strongest.

All 4 domains and 26 fields, with their numbers
    1. Engineering3.7M14.8%
    2. Computer Science1.9M7.8%
    3. Environmental Science1.3M5.0%
    4. Materials Science873k3.5%
    5. Physics and Astronomy560k2.2%
    6. Earth and Planetary Sciences401k1.6%
    7. Chemistry387k1.5%
    8. Mathematics293k1.2%
    9. Energy231k0.9%
    10. Chemical Engineering88k0.4%
    1. Social Sciences3.1M12.5%
    2. Business, Management and Accounting797k3.2%
    3. Psychology779k3.1%
    4. Arts and Humanities719k2.9%
    5. Economics, Econometrics and Finance520k2.1%
    6. Decision Sciences245k1.0%
    1. Medicine4.9M19.4%
    2. Health Professions652k2.6%
    3. Nursing123k0.5%
    4. Dentistry122k0.5%
    5. Veterinary35k0.1%
    1. Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology1.4M5.4%
    2. Agricultural and Biological Sciences1.2M4.7%
    3. Neuroscience415k1.7%
    4. Immunology and Microbiology257k1.0%
    5. Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics90k0.4%

Open the Science domain explorer: zoom into any part, and watch each share move since 1950

Life Sciences

All 252 subfields and their topics

What is science working on?

By the world's output in 2021-25: Epidemiology, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Climate Change, Sustainability, Inflammation. Gaining share since 2011-15: Pandemic, COVID-19, Educational Technology, E-Learning, Social Media.

▲ gaining share of all research◆ holding its share▼ losing share

Size is the world's fractional works in 2021-25 in the topics tagged with each word; colour compares the word's share of all research with 2011-15. Each links to the topic it comes from most.

All 40 words, with their numbers
  1. Epidemiology1.1M◆ 1.02×140 topics
  2. Deep Learning894k▲ 1.74×85 topics
  3. Machine Learning851k▲ 1.62×97 topics
  4. Climate Change743k◆ 1.01×132 topics
  5. Sustainability652k▲ 1.41×140 topics
  6. Inflammation566k◆ 0.91×83 topics
  7. Globalization539k◆ 0.99×186 topics
  8. Education468k▲ 1.33×161 topics
  9. Environmental Impact456k▲ 1.27×74 topics
  10. Oxidative Stress448k◆ 0.94×63 topics
  11. Sustainable Development440k▲ 1.45×113 topics
  12. Mental Health408k▲ 1.43×48 topics
  13. Neural Networks404k▲ 1.53×42 topics
  14. COVID-19403k▲ 4.8×34 topics
  15. Public Health400k◆ 1.08×77 topics
  16. Quality of Life392k◆ 1.04×61 topics
  17. Renewable Energy386k▲ 1.46×61 topics
  18. Social Media386k▲ 2.1×41 topics
  19. Cancer372k◆ 0.99×59 topics
  20. Artificial Intelligence360k▲ 1.85×67 topics
  21. Nanoparticles339k◆ 0.96×44 topics
  22. Remote Sensing333k◆ 0.98×42 topics
  23. Treatment332k◆ 0.94×52 topics
  24. Educational Technology325k▲ 2.4×48 topics
  25. Pandemic322k▲ 8.5×14 topics
  26. Biomedical Applications320k◆ 1.03×36 topics
  27. Risk Factors303k◆ 1.03×37 topics
  28. Cardiovascular Disease302k◆ 0.96×39 topics
  29. Healthcare301k▲ 1.79×44 topics
  30. Innovation293k◆ 1.06×91 topics
  31. Nanomaterials284k▲ 1.25×21 topics
  32. Human Rights282k▲ 1.19×91 topics
  33. E-Learning278k▲ 2.2×27 topics
  34. Mechanical Properties261k◆ 1.03×39 topics
  35. Energy Efficiency256k◆ 1.06×46 topics
  36. Diagnosis255k◆ 0.94×41 topics
  37. Depression243k▲ 1.33×26 topics
  38. Supply Chain Management242k▲ 2.1×27 topics
  39. Qualitative Research234k▲ 1.55×46 topics
  40. Big Data233k▲ 1.68×37 topics

Which institutions lead world research?

  1. 1 Harvard University United States · Cambridge · #1 all time 16.7% top 10% · 66k works
  2. 2 Chinese Academy of Sciences China · Beijing · #3 all time 15.2% top 10% · 167k works
  3. 3 Stanford University United States · Stanford · #2 all time 15.8% top 10% · 31k works
  4. 4 University of Oxford United Kingdom · Oxford · #7 all time 15.8% top 10% · 29k works
  5. 5 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique France · Paris · #4 all time 7.9% top 10% · 152k works
  6. 6 University of Cambridge United Kingdom · Cambridge · #12 all time 14.9% top 10% · 25k works
  7. 7 Max Planck Society Germany · Munich · #5 all time 15.7% top 10% · 24k works
  8. 8 Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States · Cambridge · #11 all time 16.9% top 10% · 15k works
  9. 9 ETH Zurich Switzerland · Zurich · #6 all time 17.6% top 10% · 14k works
  10. 10 Tsinghua University China · Beijing · #26 all time 16.6% top 10% · 48k works

The track on each row is that row's top-10% rate. The tick is the average of all institutions, 10.0% (how it is set); teal is above it, red below. The ranking itself is the quality score, which compares the rate with what each place's own topics predict, adds its share of papers in the Nature Index journals, and counts output and breadth too.

Size against quality

The two things the ranking blends, on their own axes. The upper left is the interesting corner: places that publish less than the giants and land more of it in the world's top 10%.

above the meannear itbelow it

One dot per institution in the list above.

Top research institutions worldwide

What is a map of science?

A map of science shows where research happens and how fields relate. Science Explorer draws every research institution on a world map, sized and coloured by output, excellence or specialisation in whichever field you choose, and links each place, field and researcher to a page of its own. It follows a tradition of science mapping that runs from citation maps to Katy Börner's Atlas of Science, built here on open data.

Popular fields

来源：Hacker News · scienceexplorer.org

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