ECHOES：用递归历史压缩与特权在线策略蒸馏让 GUI 智能体看见当前图像之外

Authors:Tengda Guo (1), Jiawang Hu (2), Yifei Tao (3), Yin Wang (2), Haotian Hu (4), Fanyi Wang (5), Liujuan Tang (2) ((1) Tsinghua University, (2) StepFun, (3) Nanyang Technological University, (4) Zhejiang Leapmotor Technology Co., Ltd., (5) Honor)

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Abstract:Long-horizon GUI agents rely on visual history to maintain task states, but retaining historical screenshots increases visual-token usage and inference costs, while textual summaries can discard critical state information, undermining long-horizon reliability. We propose ECHOES, which leverages training-time privileged information to guide textual history compression and strengthen long-horizon reasoning. Specifically, ECHOES adopts a Compression-Think-Action (CTA) format to recursively update a textual history state and reason. The same model, given privileged multi-image inputs, serves as a teacher that provides dense token-level on-policy distillation on student-generated CTA rollouts. Our Perception-Memory Fidelity (PMF) Gap-guided OPD-RL framework dynamically balances privileged distillation and task-reward optimization, with periodic teacher updates supporting continued improvement. We further introduce ECHOESBMK, a fine-grained diagnostic benchmark derived from real GUI agent failure trajectories to jointly evaluate visual perception and cross-modal state retention. Experiments on four GUI benchmarks and ECHOESBMK demonstrate substantial gains in task performance and memory fidelity. Without retaining historical screenshots at deployment, ECHOES achieves competitive performance with a favorable performance-inference-cost trade-off and exhibits positive zero-shot transfer to unseen visual planning tasks.

Submission history

From: Tengda Guo [view email]
[v1] Wed, 14 Oct 2026 14:39:41 UTC (3,286 KB)