arXiv cs.AI· Omir Kumar, Sriya Sridhar, Vibhav Mithal, Balaraman Ravindran·· 2 天前AI 评分20
印度《消费者保护法》能否应对 AI 产品损害？工作论文分析归责缺口
AI and Consumer Rights in India Working Paper
AI 导读
一篇工作论文评估印度《2019年消费者保护法》是否足以应对缺陷 AI 产品与服务造成的损害，以及能否在 AI 价值链上按比例分配责任。该法对产品责任、损害和缺陷的宽泛定义看似技术中立，或可覆盖人身伤害、心理伤害、偏见输出与失控等 AI 相关事件。但论文指出，AI 缺陷与消费者损害之间的因果关系难以举证，且数据提供方、模型开发者、部署者与用户之间责任重叠，现有归责框架缺乏按比例分配的机制。
正文 · 原文
Abstract:As AI systems proliferate in consumer facing applications, questions about liability for AI related harms remain unresolved. This working paper examines whether India's Consumer Protection Act, 2019, adequately addresses harm caused by defective AI products and services, and whether it proportionately allocates liability across the AI value chain. The Act's broad definitions of product liability, harm, and deficiency appear technology agnostic and potentially applicable to AI related incidents including personal injury, psychological harm, biased outputs, and loss of control. However, significant gaps remain. Proving causation between AI defects and consumer harm presents a technical challenge, as AI failures often stem from design choices rather than discrete defects. Additionally, the Act's framework assumes distinct roles for manufacturers, sellers, and service providers, yet the AI value chain involves overlapping responsibilities among data providers, model developers, deployers, and users that do not neatly map to these categories. Current liability frameworks lack proportionate mechanisms to effectively address complex, multistakeholder AI harms. While the Act may cover AI entities, enforcement requires clarification on sector specific overlaps.
| Subjects: | Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2608.12863 [cs.AI] |
| (or arXiv:2608.12863v2 [cs.AI] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2608.12863 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite |
Submission history
From: Omir Kumar [view email]
[v1]
Thu, 13 Aug 2026 06:21:58 UTC (796 KB)
[v2]
Thu, 15 Oct 2026 08:00:33 UTC (828 KB)
来源：arXiv cs.AI · arxiv.org