arXiv cs.AI· Michael J\"ulich·· 14 小时前AI 评分26
无证书即无绝对断言：面向公共理性的 Brouwer 式可断言性约束
No Certificate, No Categorical Speech Act: A Brouwerian Assertibility Constraint for Public Reason
AI 导读
针对生成式 AI 将不确定性转化为权威判决的问题，研究者提出一种受 Brouwer 启发的可断言性约束：高风险领域中系统只有在能提供可公开检查且可质疑的“权利证书”时，才可断言或否认某主张，否则必须返回 Undetermined。该约束形成 Asserted、Denied、Undetermined 三态接口语义，并通过结构化证书、决策层门控与带理由编码的输出契约落地。
正文 · 原文
Abstract:Generative AI can convert uncertainty into authoritative-seeming verdicts, displacing the justificatory work on which democratic epistemic agency depends. As a corrective, I propose a Brouwer-inspired assertibility constraint for responsible AI: in high-stakes domains, systems may assert or deny claims only if they can provide a publicly inspectable and contestable certificate of entitlement; otherwise they must return Undetermined. This constraint yields a three-status interface semantics (Asserted, Denied, Undetermined) whose statuses mark entitlement to categorical speech rather than truth values of the underlying world-claim. The framework distinguishes internal entitlement from public standing while connecting them through the certificate as a boundary object. Philosophically, it develops a form of applied intuitionism: resistance to unwarranted completeness becomes a norm of public machine speech, under which categorical commitment requires exhibited and contestable entitlement. I operationalize the constraint through structured certificates, decision-layer gates for threshold and argmax predicates, and a reason-coded output contract. A design lemma shows that, under a refutation-soundness condition on the contractually specified negative side, certificate-sound binary totality presupposes witnessed decidability on the declared scope. Under the proposed normative output contract, Undetermined is not a tunable reject option but a mandatory status whenever the available certificates do not uniquely license assertion or denial. By making outputs answerable to contestable warrants rather than confidence alone, the paper aims to preserve epistemic agency where automated speech enters public justification.
| Comments: | 36 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, supplementary appendix |
| Subjects: | Computers and Society (cs.CY); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI); Machine Learning (cs.LG); Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO) |
| Cite as: | arXiv:2603.03971 [cs.CY] |
| (or arXiv:2603.03971v5 [cs.CY] for this version) | |
| https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.03971 arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite |
Submission history
From: Michael Jülich [view email]
[v1]
Wed, 4 Mar 2026 12:14:21 UTC (86 KB)
[v2]
Sat, 9 May 2026 12:33:34 UTC (87 KB)
[v3]
Tue, 23 Jun 2026 12:58:42 UTC (89 KB)
[v4]
Mon, 20 Jul 2026 14:18:37 UTC (517 KB)
[v5]
Thu, 29 Oct 2026 08:37:40 UTC (520 KB)
来源：arXiv cs.AI · arxiv.org